En este 24 de julio Foto de 2018, Julio Rosario instala un sistema de energía solar en una casa en Adjuntas, Puerto Rico. El grupo ambientalista sin fines de lucro Casa Pueblo ha instalado sistemas solares en dos ferreterías, una peluquería y varias tiendas de esquina que los activistas esperan que sirvan como un oasis de energía donde las personas pueden cargar sus teléfonos y almacenar medicamentos durante una tormenta si es necesario. (Foto AP / Dennis M. Rivera Pichardo)
Diez meses después del huracán María, Adjuntas todavía pierde energía cada vez que una fuerte lluvia o viento golpea las desvencijadas líneas eléctricas que alimentan esta ciudad en lo alto de las montañas centrales de Puerto Rico.
Eso deja sus 20, 000 personas una vez más en la oscuridad, sin luz, agua dulce o aire acondicionado, a excepción de un puñado de hogares y negocios que brillan en la noche gracias a la energía solar.
La gente de Adjuntas llama a esos lugares "cucubanos, "una luciérnaga puertorriqueña indígena. Son parte de un pequeño pero creciente movimiento para proporcionar al territorio de los EE. UU. energía renovable independiente de la decrépita red eléctrica.
Una dispersión de ferreterías, las peluquerías y las tiendas de la esquina de la isla están adoptando la energía solar, tratando de alejarse de una compañía eléctrica estatal que sigue dependiendo en gran medida del petróleo importado. Las cifras siguen siendo pequeñas, unas pocas docenas o cientos de millones de usuarios de energía, pero los funcionarios de la industria de la energía y los ambientalistas están observando esto de cerca como una prueba de si Puerto Rico puede hacer un cambio a gran escala a las energías renovables. energía fuera de la red.
En la actualidad, las energías renovables representan el 4 por ciento de la generación en la compañía eléctrica de Puerto Rico, frente a un promedio nacional de EE. UU. del 15 por ciento, por lo que probablemente pasarán años antes de que la energía solar pueda representar una parte significativa de la energía de Puerto Rico.
En esta foto del 20 de julio, paneles solares instalados por Tesla, potencia una comunidad de 12 viviendas en el pueblo serrano de Las Piedras, Puerto Rico. Las Piedras aún no tiene energía de la red nacional, más de 10 meses después del huracán María y ahora está operando exclusivamente con energía solar. (Foto AP / Dennis M. Rivera Pichardo)
Aún así, "Puerto Rico puede ser un taller experimental de energía solar y eólica, "Representante Darren Soto, un demócrata de Florida, dijo en una audiencia del Congreso el miércoles.
Mientras Adjuntas está salpicada de islas alimentadas por energía solar, una comunidad de 12 hogares en el pueblo montañoso de Las Piedras todavía carece de energía central y está operando exclusivamente con energía solar proporcionada por Tesla, el fabricante de alta tecnología de automóviles eléctricos y otros productos de energía. Instaló 160 paneles solares en un terreno propiedad del residente José Santana.
Santana, un técnico en electrónica, dijo que le encanta la aplicación para teléfonos inteligentes que le permite monitorear las baterías Tesla cargadas con energía solar. Dijo que el gobierno debería considerar la instalación de energía solar y deshacerse de la actual red eléctrica "arcaica".
"Esto puede sacarnos del lío en el que estamos, ", dijo." No hay nada de malo en tener una visión del futuro. Es hora de empezar a hacer cambios ".
En esta foto del 20 de julio, José Santana posa para una foto que muestra la aplicación de su teléfono donde puede monitorear la generación y el consumo de energía del sistema solar en su casa en Las Piedras. Puerto Rico. Santana, un técnico electrónico de 64 años, dice que le encanta la aplicación para teléfonos inteligentes que le permite monitorear las baterías Tesla cargadas con energía solar. Dijo que el gobierno debería considerar la instalación de energía solar y deshacerse de la actual red eléctrica "arcaica". (Foto AP / Dennis M. Rivera Pichardo)
Como en Las Piedras, algunos usuarios de energía solar dependen de corporaciones y grupos sin fines de lucro para donar los costosos equipos. Otros se han exasperado tanto con las continuas interrupciones que se están encargando de instalar sus propios sistemas.
"Soy músico. Tengo una orquesta de salsa. No sé nada de electricidad, "dijo Félix Torres, quien recientemente instaló nueve paneles solares en el techo de su casa, encaramado en una montaña en la ciudad oriental de Caguas. "I was afraid of getting electrocuted and damaging equipment worth thousands of dollars. ... But we should not depend so much on the government. They already have their hands full."
Torres recently joined nearly two dozen other people at a three-day workshop to learn about the costs and lifespans of solar systems, the equipment required and precautions they need to consider. The clip-clop of horses interrupted their chatter as the sun set on hills where electricity returned several months ago.
Many at the workshop pulled out their power bills along with pens and notebooks as they made comparisons and shared their frustrations. Among them was Jose Barreto, who set up a makeshift solar system at his house in the mountain town of Guavate.
In this July 20 photo, a trailer with batteries and inverters from the Tesla, is parked on top of a hill in Las Piedras, Puerto Rico. Las Piedras still lacks central power is operating exclusively on solar energy provided by Tesla, the high-tech maker of electric cars and other power products, which installed 160 solar panels on a plot of land owned by resident Jose Santana. (AP Photo/ Dennis M. Rivera Pichardo)
"It hasn't collapsed because God is merciful, " él dijo, grumbling that his wife insists on washing and ironing at night, sucking up precious battery life. "I tell her, look, this is a lifestyle that runs on daytime hours."
A few hundred Puerto Ricans still haven't recovered electricity service since Hurricane Maria hit Sept. 20, and millions suffer periodic outages. Crews are trying to fortify the unstable grid in the middle of this year's hurricane season. When the remnants of Tropical Storm Beryl passed through in early July, up to 47, 000 customers were left without lights, although most of the power was restored the same day.
In Las Piedras, Blanca Martinez, a retired school bus driver who is married to Santana, started to weep as she described the happiness of having a solar-powered home.
"It's sometimes hard to explain, " she said. "When you're a person who is in need, who is suffering, this comes along and you have light without having to worry whether a wire fell."
In this July 20 photo, solar panels installed by Tesla, power a community of 12 homes in the mountain town of Las Piedras, Puerto Rico. The homes still do not have power from the national grid, more than 10 months after Hurricane Maria and now is operating exclusively on solar energy. (AP Photo/ Dennis M. Rivera Pichardo)
Another corporation, German-based sonnen, helped donate and install at least 15 solar microgrids across the island to help power laundromats, schools, community centers and medical clinics.
Adam Gentner, the company's director of business development and Latin American expansion, said the aim is to create a resilient system that can operate regardless of weather conditions.
This week, Siemens published a report in which it envisions the construction of 10 mini-grids across Puerto Rico that would depend on renewable energy. Unlike microgrids, officials said, mini-grids are bigger and can use the current distribution infrastructure.
In Adjuntas, the nonprofit environmental group Casa Pueblo has installed solar systems at two hardware stores, a barber shop and several small stores that activists hope will serve as power oases where people can charge their phones and store medications during a storm if needed. In upcoming months, some 30 homes also will be fitted with the system.
In this July 20 photo, a sign in Spanish that reads "Attention government, AEE. Montones wants light. Six months without light, " hangs from a pole in Las Piedras, Puerto Rico. A scattering of hardware stores, barbershops and corner stores across the island are embracing solar energy, trying to wean themselves off a state-owned power company that remains heavily dependent on petroleum. (AP Photo/ Dennis M. Rivera Pichardo)
Wilfredo Perez said he can now open his barbershop 11 hours a day, six days a week thanks to the new system.
"Since it was installed, it hasn't failed me, " él dijo, adding that he hasn't had to switch over to the power company's system. "The electricity in Puerto Rico doesn't work."
Federal officials are growing more worried about the turmoil at Puerto Rico's Electric Power Authority, which has seen five directors since Hurricane Maria. A U.S. House committee held a hearing Wednesday on the company's troubles.
Officials have stressed the need to depoliticize the company, create an independent regulator and resolve its $9 billion public debt as it prepares to privatize power generation and award concession for transmission and distribution.
In this July 24, Foto de 2018, Julio Rosario, Derecha, and his team instal a solar energy system in Adjuntas, Puerto Rico. The nonprofit environmental group Casa Pueblo has installed solar systems at two hardware stores, one barber shop and several corner stores that activists hope will serve as a power oasis where people can charge their phones and store medications during a storm if needed. (AP Photo/ Dennis M. Rivera Pichardo)
None of this worries Arturo Massol, associate director of Casa Pueblo in Adjuntas.
"Let them do what they want over there, " he said. "We're taking control of our energy destiny."
In this July 24, Foto de 2018, a technician instals a solar energy system at a home in Adjuntas, Puerto Rico. In upcoming months, some 30 homes will be fitted with the system. In upcoming months, some 30 homes also will be fitted with the system. (AP Photo/ Dennis M. Rivera Pichardo)
In this July 24, Foto de 2018, a set of solar charged batteries power Edilberto Rivera's restaurant in Adjuntas, Puerto rico. The system was provided by the nonprofit environmental group Casa Pueblo. The nonprofit has installed solar systems at two hardware stores, a barber shop and several small stores that activists hope will serve as power oases where people can charge their phones and store medications during a storm if needed. (AP Photo/ Dennis M. Rivera Pichardo)
In this July 24, Foto de 2018, Julio Rosario, izquierda, instals a solar energy system with the founder of the nonprofit environmental group Casa Pueblo Alexis Masol, in Adjuntas, Puerto Rico. The nonprofit environmental group Casa Pueblo has installed solar systems at two hardware stores, one barber shop and several corner stores that activists hope will serve as a power oasis where people can charge their phones and store medications during a storm if needed. (AP Photo/ Dennis M. Rivera Pichardo)
In this July 24, Foto de 2018, Sergio Vega, owner of the Olympia corner store poses for a photo at his business in Adjuntas, Puerto Rico. Vega's shop is power by a solar energy system provided by the nonprofit environmental group Casa Pueblo. (AP Photo/ Dennis M. Rivera Pichardo)
In this July 24, Foto de 2018, barber Wilfredo Perez poses for a photo in front of his solar powered barber shop in Adjuntas, Puerto Rico. Perez says he can now open his barbershop 11 hours a day, six days a week thanks to the new system.(AP Photo/ Dennis M. Rivera Pichardo)
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